In research, data refers to

• A. information used by a computer
• B. a set of keyboard keys
• C. a mathematical model
• D. information, facts or figures about a specific subject that is often used to make a decision

Answer: (D)

Data in research are the facts, measurements, observations, or records collected about a subject. They are the raw pieces researchers gather to understand what’s happening and to answer questions. When these pieces are organized, summarized, and analyzed, they become information that helps inform decisions. So data are about a specific subject and consist of information, facts or figures used to draw conclusions or guide choices. This isn’t limited to computer use, a set of keyboard keys, or a mathematical model—it's the actual details gathered about the area being studied, used to make decisions or understand trends.